How many continents exist across the globe in the year 2025?
Understanding how the world is divided geographically is one of the most fundamental topics in global education. In 2025, the Earth continues to be officially divided into seven continents, a model taught in most countries and used in international geography, education, and diplomacy
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Each continent contains sovereign nations (except Antarctica), unique cultures, political systems, and capital cities that serve as administrative and cultural centers. This article provides a complete, easy-to-understand overview of all continents in the world in 2025, along with their countries and capital cities, written entirely from scratch.
What is the total number of continents across the globe in 2025?
As of 2025, the seven-continent model remains the most widely accepted and used worldwide. These continents are:
Asia
Africa
Europe
North America
South America
Australia (Oceania)
Antarctica
Although alternative models exist in some regions (such as combining Europe and Asia or treating the Americas as one continent), the seven-continent system remains the global standard in education, cartography, and international reference.
1. Asia: The Largest and Most Populated Continent
Asia covers more land and is home to more people than any other continent on Earth. It is home to ancient civilizations, modern economic powerhouses, and vast cultural diversity.
Countries in Asia and Their Capitals
Afghanistan – Kabul
Armenia – Yerevan
Azerbaijan – Baku
Bahrain – Manama
Bangladesh – Dhaka
Bhutan – Thimphu
Brunei – Bandar Seri Begawan
Cambodia – Phnom Penh
China – Beijing
Cyprus – Nicosia
Georgia – Tbilisi
India – New Delhi
Indonesia – Jakarta
Iran – Tehran
Iraq – Baghdad
Israel – Jerusalem
Japan – Tokyo
Jordan – Amman
Kazakhstan – Astana
Kuwait – Kuwait City
Kyrgyzstan – Bishkek
Laos – Vientiane
Lebanon – Beirut
Malaysia – Kuala Lumpur
Maldives – Malé
Mongolia – Ulaanbaatar
Myanmar – Naypyidaw
Nepal – Kathmandu
North Korea – Pyongyang
Oman – Muscat
Pakistan – Islamabad
Philippines – Manila
Qatar – Doha
Saudi Arabia – Riyadh
Singapore – Singapore
South Korea – Seoul
Sri Lanka – Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
Syria – Damascus
Tajikistan – Dushanbe
Thailand – Bangkok
Timor-Leste – Dili
Turkey – Ankara
Turkmenistan – Ashgabat
United Arab Emirates – Abu Dhabi
Uzbekistan – Tashkent
Vietnam – Hanoi
Yemen – Sana’a
2. Africa: A Continent of Nations and Natural Wealth
Africa is the second-largest continent, known for its natural resources, growing economies, and cultural depth. It has 54 internationally recognized countries.
Countries in Africa and Their Capitals
Algeria – Algiers
Angola – Luanda
Benin – Porto-Novo
Botswana – Gaborone
Burkina Faso – Ouagadougou
Burundi – Gitega
Cabo Verde – Praia
Cameroon – Yaoundé
Central African Republic – Bangui
Chad – N’Djamena
Comoros – Moroni
Congo (Republic) – Brazzaville
Congo (DRC) – Kinshasa
Djibouti – Djibouti
Egypt – Cairo
Equatorial Guinea – Malabo
Eritrea – Asmara
Eswatini – Mbabane
Ethiopia – Addis Ababa
Gabon – Libreville
Gambia – Banjul
Ghana – Accra
Guinea – Conakry
Guinea-Bissau – Bissau
Ivory Coast – Yamoussoukro
Kenya – Nairobi
Lesotho – Maseru
Liberia – Monrovia
Libya – Tripoli
Madagascar – Antananarivo
Malawi – Lilongwe
Mali – Bamako
Mauritania – Nouakchott
Mauritius – Port Louis
Morocco – Rabat
Mozambique – Maputo
Namibia – Windhoek
Niger – Niamey
Nigeria – Abuja
Rwanda – Kigali
São Tomé and Príncipe – São Tomé
Senegal – Dakar
Seychelles – Victoria
Sierra Leone – Freetown
Somalia – Mogadishu
South Africa – Pretoria
South Sudan – Juba
Sudan – Khartoum
Tanzania – Dodoma
Togo – Lomé
Tunisia – Tunis
Uganda – Kampala
Zambia – Lusaka
Zimbabwe – Harare
3. Europe: A Continent of History and Modern Governance
Europe is smaller in size but highly influential politically, economically, and culturally.
Countries in Europe and Their Capitals
Albania – Tirana
Andorra – Andorra la Vella
Austria – Vienna
Belarus – Minsk
Belgium – Brussels
Bosnia and Herzegovina – Sarajevo
Bulgaria – Sofia
Croatia – Zagreb
Czech Republic – Prague
Denmark – Copenhagen
Estonia – Tallinn
Finland – Helsinki
France – Paris
Germany – Berlin
Greece – Athens
Hungary – Budapest
Iceland – Reykjavik
Ireland – Dublin
Italy – Rome
Latvia – Riga
Liechtenstein – Vaduz
Lithuania – Vilnius
Luxembourg – Luxembourg
Malta – Valletta
Moldova – Chișinău
Monaco – Monaco
Montenegro – Podgorica
Netherlands – Amsterdam
North Macedonia – Skopje
Norway – Oslo
Poland – Warsaw
Portugal – Lisbon
Romania – Bucharest
Russia – Moscow
San Marino – San Marino
Serbia – Belgrade
Slovakia – Bratislava
Slovenia – Ljubljana
Spain – Madrid
Sweden – Stockholm
Switzerland – Bern
Ukraine – Kyiv
United Kingdom – London
Vatican City – Vatican City
4. North America: Economic Power and Cultural Diversity
North America includes sovereign states and island nations stretching from the Arctic to the Caribbean.
Countries in North America and Their Capitals
Antigua and Barbuda – St. John’s
Bahamas – Nassau
Barbados – Bridgetown
Belize – Belmopan
Canada – Ottawa
Costa Rica – San José
Cuba – Havana
Dominica – Roseau
Dominican Republic – Santo Domingo
El Salvador – San Salvador
Grenada – St. George’s
Guatemala – Guatemala City
Haiti – Port-au-Prince
Honduras – Tegucigalpa
Jamaica – Kingston
Mexico – Mexico City
Nicaragua – Managua
Panama – Panama City
Saint Kitts and Nevis – Basseterre
Saint Lucia – Castries
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – Kingstown
Trinidad and Tobago – Port of Spain
United States – Washington, D.C.
5. South America: Rich Ecosystems and Emerging Economies
South America is known for rainforests, mountains, and rapidly developing nations.
Countries in South America and Their Capitals
Argentina – Buenos Aires
Bolivia – Sucre
Brazil – Brasília
Chile – Santiago
Colombia – Bogotá
Ecuador – Quito
Guyana – Georgetown
Paraguay – Asunción
Peru – Lima
Suriname – Paramaribo
Uruguay – Montevideo
Venezuela – Caracas
6. Australia (Oceania): Islands and Independent States
This continent includes Australia and numerous island nations across the Pacific Ocean.
6. Australia (Oceania): Islands and Independent States
This continent includes Australia and numerous island nations across the Pacific Ocean.
Countries in Australia/Oceania and Their Capitals
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Australia – Canberra
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Fiji – Suva
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Kiribati – South Tarawa
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Marshall Islands – Majuro
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Micronesia – Palikir
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Nauru – Yaren (de facto)
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New Zealand – Wellington
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Palau – Ngerulmud
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Papua New Guinea – Port Moresby
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Samoa – Apia
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Solomon Islands – Honiara
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Tonga – Nukuʻalofa
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Tuvalu – Funafuti
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Vanuatu – Port Vila
7. Antarctica: The Continent Without Countries
Antarctica is unique. It has no countries and no capital cities. The continent is governed by international treaties and used exclusively for scientific research and environmental protection.
In 2025, the world remains divided into seven continents, containing over 190 countries with distinct capitals, governments, and identities. Understanding continents and countries is essential for global awareness, education, travel, and international relations.